Implementation Guidelines
Contents:
1. Guidelines for Title III Project Selection for Forest Counties
2. Sideboards for Title III Projects; the "Red-Face" Test Under PL 106-393
3. Sample Title III Project Notice
Title III Projects are allowable in six (6) categories under PL 106-393. There are no federal guidelines on what constitutes an "appropriate project" under the law. Further, we do not expect the U.S. Forest Service or the Congress to develop definitive guidelines for counties to follow.
In the absence of such guidelines the NFCSC advises our member counties to adhere to the following:
1. Assume that Title III expenditures under PL 106-393 will be audited by the federal government during the first two years of the bill.
2. Be very conservative in your interpretation of what constitutes an "appropriate project" under each of the six Title III categories. This is the best way to avoid federally disallowed project costs.
3. Maintain a clear audit trail for all Title III funds received and expended by your county. Do not co-mingle these funds with general fund dollars.
4. Comply with all of the public notice and public comment regulations in the law. Provide members of the public and your Resource Advisory Committee (if one exists) 45 days notice and an opportunity to comment on all Title III Projects. Please remember that Title III Projects do not need to be approved by a RAC.
The Best Resource Available
The Oregon Counties have developed a Red-Face Test
for Title III Projects under PL 106-393. This is the best resource
available to date, for counties to use in thinking about the "appropriateness"
of Title III Projects. We recommend that you use this test in
your decision making process for Title III Projects.
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Association of Oregon Counties P.O. Box 12729 Salem, Oregon 97309 |
Association of O & C Counties P.O. Box 2327 Harbor, Oregon 97415 |
DATE: January 30, 2001
TO: All County Commissioners and Judges for Counties Eligible to Receive Payments Under PL 106-393
CC: Designated County Contacts
FROM: Bob Cantine, Executive Director, AOC
Rocky McVay, Executive Director, Association of O&C Counties
Kevin Davis, Legal Counsel
RE: Sideboards for Title III Projects; the "Red-Face" Test Under PL 106-393
A. Background
Titles II and III of PL 106-393 offer counties an opportunity
to expend 15% to 20% of their total "safety-net" payments
on various kinds of projects or, alternatively, to return that
portion of their safety net payments to the U.S. Treasury. It
will obviously be in the best interest of every county in Oregon
eligible for safety-net payments to not return any available funding
to the Treasury. The more difficult decision will be deciding
how to divide the 15% to 20% between Title II and Title III projects.
As was discussed at length at workshops conducted in Burns, Medford
and Salem, counties will ultimately be asked to express their
allocation of funding between Titles II and III in a resolution,
a draft of which will be distributed to the counties in March.
Counties must, however begin their pre-budgeting process in February,
which requires that they make estimates of how much of the project
funding they will be able to spend on projects that fit within
the restrictions of Title III. By looking first at Title III,
counties will be able to identify projects that would otherwise
have to be funded from their general funds. Once all suitable
projects are identified under Title III, the balance of PL 106-393
project funding can then be allocated to Title II projects. Title
II projects are on Federal lands or for the benefit federal resources
and are not projects for which a county would ordinarily provide
funding.
The purpose of this memorandum is to help the counties identify
appropriate projects under Title III of PL 106-393. Doing so
should facilitate the counties' pre-budgeting activities and help
prepare the counties for the elections they must make in formally
allocating project funding between Titles II and III.
B. Title III Procedures
Once a county makes its formal allocation between Titles II
and III the resolution in which the allocation is expressed will
be transmitted to the Secretary of the land management agency
concerned and, ultimately, to the U.S. Treasury. Soon after the
close of each federal fiscal year (September 30) the Treasury
will disburse funds according to Title I of PL 106-393 and the
allocations made by the counties. Funds allocated to Title II
will remain in special county accounts at the Treasury. Title
III funds will be sent to the counties, which will be required
to hold them in special accounts of their own and used only in
accordance with Title III.
While the range of authorized uses under Title III is narrow,
the governing body of a county has complete discretion in choosing
projects within that range, and the procedures a county must follow
are few and simple. In addition to whatever procedures a county
ordinarily follows under state law, PL 106-393 requires that a
county give the public a 45-day period for comment on proposed
Title III projects. The comment period must be announced with
a description of the proposed projects published in the local
publications of record. The only other required procedure is
to notify the Resource Advisory Committee(s) ("RAC(s)")
established for the area under Title II of PL 106-393. RACs
only receive notice of a proposed project. They have no role
in the selection or approval of Title III projects.
C. Title III Accounting
It is anticipated that counties in Oregon will undergo federal
audits for compliance with Title III restrictions, perhaps as
early as the end of federal fiscal year 2002. For that reason
we recommend that Title III project selection be made very conservatively
and that Title III financial accounting be detailed and thorough.
A county should have written justification to document every
withdrawal from a county's Title III account.
A county should establish a special fund account for Title III
project funds into which the money disbursed to the county from
the U. S. Treasury for Title III projects is deposited. Within
the county's Title III special fund account a county should establish
6 line items that correspond to the 6 categories of authorized
expenditures under Title III. Even if a county does not expect
to expend funds in all 6 categories in the first year the account
should be set up to accommodate unanticipated or future expenditures
in all six categories. The 6 categories are described later in
this memorandum.
Once projects are selected and funds deposited in the account,
Title III project expenditures should be made only after reimbursement
invoices are submitted by a county department to the county governing
body. This step is recommended to assure that the expenditures
from the special fund account are made solely on projects that
meet the requirements of Title III. Careful records should be
kept attributing every expenditure to a specific project and to
a specific line item within the Title III project special fund
account. A county department relying on outside vendors and outside
contractors to complete Title III projects should either pay third-party
billings from a department operating account and then seek authorization
for reimbursement from the Title III project special fund account,
or submit the third party billings for authorization of direct
payment from the account. In all cases the invoices for which
payments are made from the special fund account should clearly
identify the previously approved Title III project for which the
expenditure is authorized.
Interest on funds held in the Title III project special fund
account will accrue and must remain in that account for expenditure
in accordance with Title III. If funds remain in a Title III
project special fund account at the end of a given year, it must
remain in the account and be carried over to the next year for
use by the county on subsequent Title III projects.
It is recommended that a county's Budget Committee review the
Title III project special fund account allocation during the budget
process.
D. Project Limitations and Authorized Uses
The following are suggestions to aid a county in budgeting
for projects that fit within the six categories authorized under
Title III. The authorized uses are limited and challenging, so
it is our strong recommendation for the first year of Title III
funding that counties be conservative in their project selection.
The second round of project selection in 2002 will be easier
because of the experience gained this year.
The language quoted below in the 6 categories is taken directly
from the provisions of Title III of PL 106-393. Emphasis has
been added to certain words or phrases to highlight particularly
restrictive aspects of the law.
Category (1). Search, Rescue and Emergency Services:
Reimbursement for all documented costs incurred and paid for by a county or county sheriff's department for "search and rescue and other emergency services, including firefighting, performed on federal lands." "Federal lands" is defined in the statute for this and all other purposes to mean only lands within the National Forest system (excluding National Grasslands) and O&C or Coos Bay Wagon Road lands.
One approach for projecting future costs in this category would be to review a county's last three or five year's direct expenditures for search and rescue missions on federal lands to arrive at a historic annual average. Certain general, overhead and capital costs can also be justifiably charged to the Title III special fund account in this category, though we recommend an especially conservative approach in this area. One appropriate method would be to calculate the percentage of direct costs associated with search, rescue and other emergency services performed on federal lands out of the total of all direct costs for all such services performed on all lands. That same percentage could then be used to calculate the portion of total indirect costs (overhead, etc.) that can fairly be attributed to the services actually performed on federal lands. This method would allow a county to be reimbursed for a portion of its training and planning costs.
Examples
- Response by Sheriff's department to accidents on water bodies located on federal lands
- Sheriff's department's cost of responding to search and rescue missions on federal lands
- County payments to other search and rescue or other emergency services providers/organizations responding to missions on federal lands
- County payments to rural fire departments for responding to fires on federal lands
Note that any cost reimbursed by other third parties to a county for the above activities must be deducted from the reimbursement attributed to the Title III project special fund account in this category. Only those costs for which a county is actually out-of-pocket and that can be attributed to actual services performed on federal lands are reimbursable.
Category (2). Community Service Work Camps:
Reimbursement for all or part of the costs "incurred by the county to pay the salaries and benefits of county employees who supervise adults or juveniles performing mandatory community services on federal lands."
Note that reimbursement is limited to the cost of salaries
and benefits for employees. For those counties that do not already
have programs that would fit within this category (or any of the
other authorized categories under Title III), new programs could
be created to take advantage of the funding authorized.
Category (3). Easement Purchases:
Funding to acquire easements from private or other non-county landowners, on a willing seller basis, to provide "nonmotorized access to public lands" (city, county, state or federal) for hunting, fishing, and other recreational purposes. Authorization is also provided to acquire "conservation easements." Costs within this category may include, but are not limited to:
- Attorneys' Fees
- Negotiating Expenses
- Preparation and Planning
- Purchasing
- Recording
Note that development of or improvements to an access easement (such as trail construction) after acquisition are not included as authorized expenditures, nor are developments or improvements to the land after acquisition of a conservation easement to enhance the conservation purpose for which the easement was acquired (such as tree planting or fencing a streamside buffer). There is no reason under Title III why such improvements could not be made by the landowner prior to county acquisition, however, and the costs of such improvements could then be included as part of the overall payment to the landowner to acquire the easement.
"Conservation easement" is not a defined term in PL 106-393. This term is subject to broad interpretation and may include a wide variety of development or other land-use rights a county may choose to acquire and then not exercise for conservation reasons. For example, a county may choose to acquire the right of a rancher to graze cattle on a particular parcel of land if the county determines that preservation of the vegetation on that parcel serves an important conservation purpose. Or, a county may choose to acquire timber harvesting rights on a particular parcel if the county determines that preserving the trees on that parcel of land serves a worthwhile conservation purpose. Conservation easements can serve a broad array of conservation purposes, including, but not limited to, the protection of open space or viewsheds, wildlife habitat, clean water sources and virtually any other environmental amenity deemed worthy of preservation by a county.
Category (4). Forest Related Educational Opportunities:
A county may use Title III funds for part or all of the cost incurred and paid for by a county "to establish and conduct forest-related after school programs." Suggestions for possible programs within this category include:
- Work/education programs to teach participants how to properly construct, maintain or improve trails and other facilities in the forest.
- On-campus or in-forest education programs on forest health conducted after regular school hours.
- Work/education programs to teach participants how to properly collect data on forest inventory, fish and wildlife populations, stream conditions and other measures for monitoring the health of forest resources.
- Educational programs establishing or utilizing forestry interpretive centers.
- 4-H and other extension service after-school forestry education programs.
- Other programs used to provide experiences to children and adults related to forest education.
Note that these programs can be for children or adults and can be conducted on or off school campuses. The primary restrictions are that the educational programs be forestry related and not be included as part of the curriculum during the school day.
Category (5). Fire Prevention and County Planning:
Funding to cover county costs for (1) " efforts to educate homeowners in fire-sensitive ecosystems about techniques in home siting, home construction, and home landscaping that can increase the protection of people and property from wildfires;" and (2) planning efforts to reduce or mitigate the impact of development [that occurs on nonfederal lands if such development might have an impact] on adjacent Federal lands and [planning] to increase the protection of people and property from wildfires."
The component of this category that authorizes the
expenditure of Title III funds for planning to reduce the effects
of development on adjacent federal lands is focused on the boundary
areas where federal and non-federal lands meet. Note, however,
that the component that addresses the education of homeowners
about wildfire and the component that authorizes the expenditure
of Title III funds for planning to reduce the risks of people
and property from wildfire is not restricted to the interface
of federal and nonfederal lands. Rather, it appears that costs
for education of homeowners and planning costs are authorized
for reimbursement under Title III if the education and planning
are intended to reduce the risks of wildfire anywhere in a county,
even if distant from federal lands.
Programs that might qualify for reimbursement under this
category would include, but are not limited to:
- Studies to determine where "fire-sensitive ecosystems" are located and mapping of such areas.
- Educational programs for homeowners in fire-sensitive areas showing the consequences of wildfires.
- Development and publication of mitigation techniques and the conduct of courses or meetings intended to educate homeowners in home siting, construction and landscaping to increase protection from wildfires in fire-sensitive areas.
- Development of maps of wildland-urban interface fire evacuation routes.
- Any planning that enhances the protection of people or property from wildfires.
- Land-use or construction planning intended to reduce the impacts of construction or development on resources located on nearby federal lands.
- Funding for special neighborhood technical assistance packets for distribution to homeowners in the wildland-urban interface.
Category (6). Community Forestry:
A county may use Title III funds "towards non-federal cost-share requirements of section 9 of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2105)."
The scope of programs authorized under this category
is unknown at this time because of an ambiguity in the above quoted
language. The original "section 9 of the Cooperative Forestry
assistance Act of 1978" addresses the consolidation of funds
from all sources to be used to support the full range of programs
authorized under the 1978 Act. The citation above in parentheses,
however, is not to the original section 9 of the 1978 Act. Rather,
16 U.S.C. 2105 is a reference to a particular subset of programs
available only within urban areas. It is unclear whether the
programs in this category may include the full range of programs
under the 1978 Act or are, instead, restricted to just those few
programs that address urban forestry.
Every effort is being made to obtain clarification of the above
quoted language as soon as possible. It would obviously be more
beneficial to counties to have a broad interpretation rather than
a narrow one. If an authoritative interpretation is obtained,
it will be provided to all counties as soon as it is received.
Until a clarification is available, however, it is recommended
that counties not attempt to plan programs under this category
for expenditures under Title III. If there is substantial delay
in obtaining a clarification, it may be necessary to avoid this
category for the first year under Title III and revisit it during
the second year of project selections.
SAMPLE Title III Project Notice
NOTICE OF PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that __________ County, will receive
"safety-net" revenues under the "Secure Rural Schools
and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000", PL 106-393.
PL 106-393 requires each county to expend 15 to 20 percent of
its "safety-net" payment on various kinds of projects
pursuant to Titles II and III of the legislation or, alternatively,
to return that portion of its safety-net payment to the U.S. Treasury.
_________ County Board of Commissioners elected to designate______
percent of its safety-net payment for projects under Titles II
and III. Of the funds allocated to projects, _____ percent (approximately
$______) has been allocated to projects under Title III for the
Federal Fiscal Year 2002, which runs from October 1, 2001 through
September 30, 2002. Title III projects may include: Category
(1): Search, rescue and emergency services performed on federal
lands; Category (2): Certain costs associated with community
service work camps on federal lands; Category (3): Easement purchases,
to provide non-motorized access to public lands or for conservation
easements; Category (4): Forest related after school educational
opportunities; Category (5): Fire prevention education and county
fire prevention planning; and Category (6): Community forestry
under section 9 of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of
1978 (16 U.S.C. 2105). The ________ County Board of Commissioners
is opening a forty-five (45) day public comment period to invite
all persons wishing to review and make written comments on ________
County's proposed projects. The _________ County Title III proposed
projects may be reviewed at the following location(s): ________.
All comments must be submitted in writing and received on or
before the close of work _____________ 2001. Written comments
can be mailed to______________________ or dropped off at the
_________ County Court House, to the attention of ______________.
For additional information regarding PL 106-393 Title III qualified
county projects, please contact _____________ at the above address
or by telephoning (___) ___ ____.




